There are a few ways of sending telemetry via APRS.

The packet format is described on page 78 in the APRS Protocol reference [1]. It allows for 5 analogue channels and 8 digital bits. Here are examples of typical telemetry messages:

                  |seq|ch1|ch2|ch3|ch4|ch5|-8bits--|
LZ1DEV-11>APRS,…:T#005,199,100,255,073,123,01101001
LZ1DEV-11>APRS,…:T#MIC199,100,255,073,123,01101001

The downside of this method is the lack of position or timestamp. Plotting the data overtime could be impossible as time of arrival can be severely affected by delays in the APRS network. Furthermore, the resolution of each channel is limited to 8bits (e.g. 0-255) and there are only 5 analogue channels.

You may have noticed that the above is limited in displaying negative numbers, decimals and unit of measurement. However, there are messages which can be send, that would indicate the unit of measurement, constants to calculate a meaningful value and friendly name for the specific channel. The details are described in the APRS Protocol reference [1].

              |ADDRESSEE|TYPE|  ch1  | ch2 | ch3 |ch4 |ch5| 1b  | 2b | 3b|4b |5b |…
LZ1DEV>APRS,…::LZ1DEV-11:PARM.Battery,Btemp,ATemp,Pres,Alt,Camra,Chut,Sun,10m,ATV

              |ADDRESSEE|TYPE|  ch1  |  ch2    |  ch3    |   ch4  | ch5 |…
LZ1DEV>APRS,…::LZ1DEV-11:EQNS.0,5.2,0,0,.53,-32,3,4.39,49,-32,3,18,1,2,3

              |ADDRESSEE|TYPE| ch1 | ch2 | ch3 | ch4|ch5|  b1 | b2 |b3|b4|b5|
LZ1DEV>APRS,…::LZ1DEV-11:UNIT.v/100,deg.F,deg.F,Mbar,Kft,Click,OPEN,on,on,hi

There are 3 types of messages that can be send that would allow to “configure” telemetry. PARM and UNIT are straightforward and configure the channel name and unit. EQNS is to configure the constants in the following quadratic equation a*x2 + b*x + c , which is used to calculate the final value.

Example of calculating the final value for channel #2:

x = 100      a = 0, b = 0.53, c = -32

0*100^2 + 100*0.53 + (-32)
0 + 53 + (-32)
----
Btemp: 21 def.F

Both http://aprs.fi and http://tracker.habhub.org/ recognize the format and will graph the telemetry accordingly.

This method is straightforward, simply format and append telemetry to the comment field. Example:

LZ1DEV-11>APRS,…:=0001.00N/00001.00Wv266/024/A=000299 13.55Cint -30.51Cext 3.45V 7Sats 
                                                    |----------- comment -------------|

Things too keep in mind:

• the packet will be longer than necessary
• the amount of characters in the comment section is limited, depending on the packet type (e.g. 0-28, 0-43)
• existing system won't recognize the telemetry and provide friendly plotting over time

1. APRS Protocol reference v1.0.1 — aprs101.pdf, http://www.aprs.org/doc/APRS101.PDF
2. Base91 telemetry comment extension — aprs-base91-comment-telemetry.pdf, http://he.fi/doc/aprs-base91-comment-telemetry.txt